United States Testing Co

1) Компьютерная техника: Unadjusted System Time

2) Техника: Ultra Stress And Tension, United States Testing Co., ultrasonic test, ultrasonic testing, ultrasonic transducer

3) Экономика: казначейская облигация США (U.S. Treasury bond)

4) Автомобильный термин: unified screw thread

5) Грубое выражение: Undressed Sex Time, Unresolved Sexual Tension

6) Сокращение: UHF SATCOM Terminal, Underground Storage Tank program (prevent environmental contamination)

7) Университет: University Of Santo Tomas, University Of St. Thomas

8) Урология: Ultra Sonic Testing

9) Фирменный знак: United States Testing, Inc.

10) Налоги: Unified social tax = Единый социальный налог (ЕСН)

11) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: unified social tax

12) Химическое оружие: underground storage tank

13) Велосипеды: universal system tubeless

14) Интернет: Universal System Technologies

15) NYSE. U S T, Inc.

16) Аэропорты: St. Augustine, Florida USA

1. ultrasonic test - ультразвуковые испытания;

2. ultrasonic testing - ультразвуковая дефектоскопия, ультразвуковой контроль;

3. ultrasonic transducer - ультразвуковой преобразователь; датчик ультразвуковых колебаний;

4. United States Testing Co. - Американская компания по проведению испытаний

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

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Taylor's first years were spent on a farm in Virginia, but at the age of 13 he went to RandolphMacon College, graduating in 1881, and from there to the US Naval Academy, Annapolis. He graduated at the head of his class, had some sea time, and then went to the Royal Naval College in Greenwich, England, where in 1888 he again came top of the class with the highest-ever marks of any student, British or overseas.

On his return to the United States he held various posts as a constructor, ending this period at the Mare Island Navy Yard in California. In 1894 he was transferred to Washington, where he joined the Bureau of Construction and started to interest the Navy in ship model testing. Under his direction, the first ship model tank in the United States was built at Washington and for fourteen years operated under his control. The work of this establishment gave him the necessary information to write the highly acclaimed text The Speed and Power of Ships, which with revisions is still in use. By the outbreak of the First World War he was one of the world's most respected naval architects, and had been retained as a consultant by the British Government in the celebrated case of the collision between the White Star Liner Olympic and HMS Hawke.

In December 1914 Taylor became a Rear-Admiral and was appointed Chief Constructor of the US Navy. His term of office was extremely stressful, with over 1,000 ships constructed for the war effort and with the work of the fledgling Bureau for Aeronautics also under his control. The problems were not over in 1918 as the Washington Treaty required drastic pruning of the Navy and a careful reshaping of the defence force.

Admiral Taylor retired from active service at the beginning of 1923 but retained several consultancies in aeronautics, shipping and naval architecture. For many years he served as consultant to the ship-design company now known as Gibbs and Cox. Many honours came his way, but the most singular must be the perpetuation of his name in the David Taylor Medal, the highest award of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers in the United States. Similarly, the Navy named its ship test tank facility, which was opened in Maryland in 1937, the David W. Taylor Model Basin.

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civil.

casarse por lo civil to get married in a registry office o (British) civil ceremony (United States)

civilian.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 civil

■ derecho civil civil law

2 (no militar) civilian

3 (no eclesiástico) lay, secular

► nombre masculino

1 (de la Guardia Civil) civil guard, member of the Guardia Civil

* * *

1) civil

2) civilian

* * *

1. ADJ

1) (=no militar) [autoridad, aviación] civil; [vida, víctima, población] civilian

2) (=no religioso) civil

3) (Jur) [responsabilidad, desobediencia] civil

2. SMF

1) (=persona no militar) civilian

2) (=guardia) civil guard

* * *

a) <derechos/responsabilidades> civil

b) ( no religioso) civil

c) ( no militar) civilian (before n)

masculino y femenino

1)

a) ( persona no militar) civilian

b) (Esp) ( guardia civil) Civil Guard

2) civil masculino (RPl) ( matrimonio civil) civil marriage ceremony

* * *

= nonmilitary, civilian, civic.

Ex. From Truman's approval for nuclear weapons testing in Nevada on 18 Dec 1950 the AEC adopted a four-pronged approach: inundating the public with positive information on nuclear power; emphasising defence needs; highlighting the nonmilitary benefits of testing; and reassuring the citizenry that testing was not hazardous to health.

Ex. Israel is nation very interested in both the military and civilian applications of nuclear energy.

Ex. Like many other civic facilities in the town, the public library is used by only a minority of the population.

----

* abogado civil = people's lawyer.

* anterior a la Guerra Civil = pre-Civil War.

* año civil = calendar year.

* autoridad civil = city authority.

* boda civil = civil wedding.

* código civil = civil code.

* de civil = in plain clothes.

* derechos civiles = civil rights, civil liberties.

* edificio civil = civic building.

* estatuto civil = civil statute.

* guerra civil = civil war.

* ingeniero civil = civil engineer.

* litigio civil = civil litigation.

* matrimonio civil = civil marriage.

* mes civil = calendar month.

* movimiento por los derechos civiles = civil rights movement.

* persona civil = civilian.

* personal civil = civilian staff.

* pleito civil = civil litigation.

* población civil = civilian.

* población civil, la = civilian population, the.

* procedimiento civil = civil proceedings.

* unión civil = civil union.

* vestido de civil = in plain clothes.

* vestir de civil = wear + plain clothes, dress in + plain clothes.

* vida civil = civic life.

* * *

a) <derechos/responsabilidades> civil

b) ( no religioso) civil

c) ( no militar) civilian (before n)

masculino y femenino

1)

a) ( persona no militar) civilian

b) (Esp) ( guardia civil) Civil Guard

2) civil masculino (RPl) ( matrimonio civil) civil marriage ceremony

* * *

* * *

1 ‹derechos/responsabilidades› civil estado, guerra, registro

2 (no religioso) civil

una boda civil a civil marriage

se casaron por lo civil or (Per, RPl, Ven) por civil or (Chi, Méx) por el civil they were married in a civil ceremony ( AmE), they had a registry office wedding ( BrE)

3 (no militar) civilian ( before n)

la población civil the civilian population

iba (vestido) de civil he was in civilian clothes o dress

1 (persona no militar) civilian

2 ( Esp) (guardia civil) Civil Guard

civil masculine ( RPl) (matrimonio civil) civil marriage ceremony

* * *

a) ‹derechos/responsabilidades› civil

b) ( no religioso) civil;

c) ( no militar) civilian ( before n);

◊ iba (vestido) de civil he was in civilian clothes

a) ( persona no militar) civilian

b) (Esp) ( guardia civil) Civil Guard

* * *

♦ adj

1. [derecho, sociedad, arquitectura] civil

2. [no militar] civilian;

ir vestido de civil to be in civilian clothes

3. [no religioso] civil;

una boda civil a civil marriage;

casarse por lo civil to get married in a Br registry office o US civil ceremony

♦ nmf

1. [no militar, no religioso] civilian

2. Esp Fam [Guardia Civil] = member of the “Guardia Civil”

♦ nm

¿fueron al civil? – no, sólo nos invitaron a la iglesia did you go to the registry office ceremony? – no, we were only invited to the church ceremony

* * *

I adj civil;

casarse por lo civil have a civil wedding

II m/f civilian

III m civil guard

* * *

civil adj

1) : civil

2) : civilian

civil nmf

: civilian

* * *

civil¹ adj

1. (en general) civil

2. (no militar) civilian

civil² n civilian

SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy

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The son of a Congregationalist minister, Hall was educated at Oberlin College. There he was instructed in chemistry by Professor F.F.Jewett, a former student of the German chemist Friedrich Wöhler, who encouraged Hall to believe that there was a need for a cheap process for the manufacture of aluminium. After graduating in 1885, Hall set to work in his private laboratory exploring the method of fused salt electrolysis. On Wednesday 10 February 1886 he found that alumina dissolved in fused cryolite "like sugar in water", and that the bath so produced was a good conductor of electricity. He contained the solution in a pure graphite crucible which also acted as an efficient cathode, and by 16 February 1886 had produced the first globules of metallic aluminium. With two backers, Hall was able to complete his experiments and establish a small pilot plant in Boston, but they withdrew after the US Patent Examiners reported that Hall's invention had been anticipated by a French patent, filed by Paul Toussaint Héroult in April 1886. Although Hall had not filed until July 1886, he was permitted to testify that his invention had been completed by 16 February 1886 and on 2 April 1889 he was granted a seventeen-year monopoly in the United States. Hall now had the support of Captain A.E. Hunt of the Pittsburgh Testing Institute who provided the capital for establishing the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, which by 1889 was selling aluminium at $1 per pound compared to the $15 for sodium-reduced aluminium. Further capital was provided by the banker Andrew Mellon (1855–1937). Hall then turned his attention to Britain and began negotiations with Johnson Matthey, who provided land on a site at Patricroft near Manchester. Here the Aluminium Syndicate, owned by the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, began to produce aluminium in July 1890. By this time the validity of Hall's patent was being strongly contested by Héroult and also by the Cowles brothers, who attempted to operate the Hall process in the United States. Hall successfully sued them for infringement, and was confirmed in his patent rights by the celebrated ruling in 1893 of William Howard Taft, subsequently President of the USA. In 1895 Hall's company changed its name to the Pittsburgh Aluminium Company and moved to Niagara Falls, where cheap electrical power was available. In 1903 a legal compromise ended the litigation between the Hall and Héroult organizations. The American rights in the invention were awarded to Hall, and the European to Héroult. The Pittsburgh Aluminium Company became the Aluminium Company of America on 1 January 1907. On his death he left his estate, worth about $45 million, for the advancement of education.

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1) (row)

2) (of subjects, interests, topics) Palette, die; (of musical instrument) Tonumfang, der; (of knowledge, voice) Umfang, der; (of income, department, possibility) Bereich, der

3) (of telescope, missile, aircraft, etc.) Reichweite, die; (distance between gun and target) Schussweite, die

4) (series, selection) Kollektion, die

5)

6) (testing site) Versuchsgelände, das

7) (grazing ground) Weide[fläche], die

1) (vary within limits) [Preise, Temperaturen:] schwanken, sich bewegen (from... to zwischen [+ Dat.]... und)

2) (extend) [Klippen, Gipfel, Häuser:] sich hinziehen

3) (roam) umherziehen (around, about in + Dat.); (fig.) [Gedanken:] umherschweifen

(arrange) aufreihen [Bücher, Tische]

* * *

1) (a selection or variety: a wide range of books for sale; He has a very wide range of interests.) die Bandbreite

2) (the distance over which an object can be sent or thrown, sound can be heard etc: What is the range of this missile?; We are within range of / beyond the range of / out of range of their guns.) die Reichweite

3) (the amount between certain limits: I'm hoping for a salary within the range $30,000 to $34,000; the range of a person's voice between his highest and lowest notes.) der Umfang

4) (a row or series: a mountain range.) die Reihe

5) (in the United States, land, usually without fences, on which cattle etc can graze.) das Weideland

6) (a place where a person can practise shooting etc; a rifle-range.) der Schießstand

7) (a large kitchen stove with a flat top.) der Küchenherd

1) (to put in a row or rows: The two armies were ranged on opposite sides of the valley.) aufstellen

2) (to vary between certain limits: Weather conditions here range between bad and dreadful / from bad to dreadful.) schwanken

3) (to go, move, extend etc: His talk ranged over a number of topics.) sich erstrecken

•

- academic.ru/60234/ranger">ranger

* * *

I. n

1. no pl (limit) Reichweite f; (area) Bereich m

that is beyond my price \range das übersteigt meine finanziellen Möglichkeiten

to be out of \range außer Reichweite sein

to be beyond [or out of] [or outside] sb's \range of competence/experience außerhalb jds Kompetenz-/Erfahrungsbereiches liegen

hearing \range Hörweite f; TECH Tragweite f des Tons

to be beyond [or out of] [or outside] /in sb's \range of hearing für jdn außer/in Hörweite sein

\range of knowledge Wissensgebiet nt; of a specialist Fachgebiet nt

temperature \range Temperaturbereich m

narrow \range enger Spielraum

the value of sterling fluctuated within a narrow \range yesterday der Wert des englischen Pfundes war gestern geringfügigen Schwankungen unterworfen

2. (series of things) Reihe f

narrow/wide \range of sth kleine/große Auswahl an etw dat

a wide \range of products ein breites Spektrum an Produkten

a wide \range of opinions eine große Meinungsvielfalt

3. (selection) Angebot nt, Sortiment nt

our full \range of cars is on display in our showroom die ganze Palette unserer Automodelle ist in unserem Ausstellungsraum zu sehen

\range of instruments Instrumentarium nt

\range of products Produktangebot nt

\range of services Leistungsspektrum nt, Leistungsangebot nt, Serviceangebot nt

\range of services and products Angebotspalette f

autumn [or AM fall] /spring \range Herbst-/Frühjahrskollektion f

4. MUS of a voice Stimmumfang m; of an instrument Tonumfang m

5. (distance) Entfernung f; of a gun Schussweite f; of a missile Reichweite f

you can't miss the target at this close \range auf diese geringe Entfernung kannst du das Ziel nicht verfehlen

at point-blank \range aus [aller]nächster Nähe

out of/within \range außer/in Schussweite

6. MIL (practice area)

firing [or shooting] \range Schießplatz m

missile \range Raketenbasis f

rifle \range Schießstand m

7. COMPUT Wertebereich m

II. vi

1. (vary) schwanken; temperature, price sich akk bewegen, schwanken

to \range from... to... eine Bandbreite von... dat bis... dat haben

dress sizes \range from petite to extra large die Kleidergrößen gehen von S bis XL fam

2. (roam) umherstreifen, umherschweifen geh

the walkers \range through the hills all day die Spaziergänger wandern den ganzen Tag in den Bergen

3. (deal with)

▪ to \range over sth discussion sich akk auf etw akk erstrecken

▪ to \range from sth to sth von etw dat bis etw dat reichen

a wide-ranging investigation eine umfassende Ermittlung

a wide-ranging survey eine breit angelegte Umfrage

III. vt

1. (arrange)

▪ to \range sb jdn in Reih und Glied aufstellen

▪ to \range oneself sich akk aufreihen [o aufstellen]

the crowd \ranged itself along the route of the procession die Menschenmenge reihte sich entlang des Prozessionsweges auf

▪ to \range oneself with sb ( fig) sich akk auf jds Seite schlagen fam

▪ to \range sb against sth ( fig) jdn gegen etw akk aufwiegeln [o aufbringen

2. (count among)

▪ to \range sb among [or with] sth jdn zu etw dat zählen

3. COMPUT

▪ to \range sth etw ausrichten [o verschieben]

1. GEOG (of mountains) Hügelkette f, Bergkette f

2. AM (pasture) Weide f, Weideland nt

n [Koch]herd m

kitchen \range Küchenherd m

* * *

1. n

1) (= scope, distance covered) (of missile, telescope) Reichweite f; (of gun) Reichweite f, Schussweite f; (of vehicle) Fahrbereich m; (of plane) Flugbereich m

2) (= spread, selection) Reihe f; (of goods) Sortiment nt, Reihe f; (of colours) Skala f; (of patterns, sizes, models) Angebot nt, Auswahl f (of an +dat); (of interest, abilities) Palette f

3) (MUS) (of instruments) (Ton)umfang m; (of voice) (Stimm)umfang m

4) (= domain, sphere) Kompetenz f; (of influence) (Einfluss)bereich m

5) (MIL) Schießplatz m; (= rifle range) Schießstand m; (at fair) Schießbude f

6) (= cooking stove) Koch- or Küchenherd m

7) (= row) Reihe f; (= mountain range) Kette f

8) (US: grazing land) Freiland nt, Weideland nt

2. vt

1) (= place in a row) aufstellen; objects aufstellen, anordnen

2) (= classify) person zählen (among, with zu)

3) (= roam over) durchstreifen, durchziehen

4) (= direct) gun, telescope ausrichten (on auf +acc)

5) (US) cattle grasen lassen

6) (COMPUT)

3. vi

1)

2) (= roam) streifen

* * *

range [reındʒ]

A s

1. Reihe f, Kette f:

a range of trees eine Baumreihe

2. (Berg) Kette f

3. (Koch-, Küchen) Herd m

4. (Schieß) Stand m

5. Entfernung f (zum Ziel), Abstand m:

at a range of aus oder in einer Entfernung von;

at close range aus nächster Nähe, aus kurzer Entfernung;

find the range MIL sich einschießen;

take the range die Entfernung schätzen

6. besonders MIL Reich-, Trag-, Schussweite f, SCHIFF Laufstrecke f (eines Torpedos):

out of (within) range außer (in) Schuss- oder Reichweite; → long-range 1

7. Ausdehnung f, Umfang m, Skala f:

a narrow range of choice eine kleine Auswahl;

the range of his experience die Spannweite seiner Erfahrung

8. WIRTSCH Kollektion f:

a wide range (of goods) eine große Auswahl, ein großes Angebot;

have a wide range of eine große Auswahl haben an (dat), gut sortiert sein in (dat)

9. fig Bereich m, Spielraum m, Grenzen pl, auch TECH etc (z. B. Hör-, Mess-, Skalen)Bereich m, (Radar) Auffassbereich m, RADIO (Frequenz-, Wellen)Bereich m, Senderreichweite f:

range (of action) Aktionsbereich, -radius m, FLUG Flugbereich;

range (of activities) Betätigungsfeld n, Aktionsbereich;

range of application Anwendungsbereich;

range of atom PHYS Atombezirk m;

range of prices Preislage f, -klasse f;

range of reception (Funk) Empfangsbereich;

range of uses Verwendungsbereich, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten pl;

within range of vision in Sichtweite

10. BOT, ZOOL Verbreitung(sgebiet) f(n)

11. Statistik: Streuungs-, Toleranzbreite f, Bereich m

12. MUS

a) Ton-, Stimmlage f

b) Ton- oder Stimmumfang m

13. Richtung f, Lage f

14. besonders fig Bereich m, Gebiet n, Raum m:

range of knowledge Wissensbereich;

range of thought Ideenkreis m

15. besonders US Weideland n:

range cattle Freilandvieh n

16. (ausgedehnte) Fläche

17. (soziale) Klasse oder Schicht

18. Streifzug m, Ausflug m

B v/t

1. (in Reihen) aufstellen oder anordnen, aufreihen

2. einreihen, -ordnen:

range o.s. on the side of ( oder with) sb fig sich auf jemandes Seite stellen, zu jemandem halten

3. (systematisch) ordnen

4. einordnen, -teilen, klassifizieren

5. TYPO Br Typen ausgleichen, zurichten

6. die Felder etc durchstreifen, -wandern

7. SCHIFF längs der Küste fahren

8. die Augen schweifen lassen ( over über akk)

9. besonders US das Vieh frei weiden lassen

10. ein Teleskop etc einstellen

11. Ballistik:

a) die Flugbahn bestimmen für

b) ein Geschütz etc richten

c) eine Reichweite haben von, tragen

C v/i

1. eine Reihe oder Linie bilden, in einer Reihe oder Linie stehen ( alle:

with mit)

2. sich erstrecken ( over über akk) (auch fig)

3. auf einer Linie oder Ebene liegen ( with mit)

4. sich (in einer Reihe) aufstellen

5. rangieren ( among unter dat), im gleichen Rang stehen ( with mit), zählen, gehören ( with zu)

6. streifen, schweifen, wandern (auch Augen, Blicke):

as far as the eye could range so weit das Auge reichte

7. BOT, ZOOL verbreitet sein, vorkommen

8. schwanken, variieren, sich bewegen ( alle:

from … to …, between … and … zwischen dat … und …)

9. range in MIL sich einschießen (on auf akk) (Geschütz)

10. die Entfernung messen

* * *

1) (row)

2) (of subjects, interests, topics) Palette, die; (of musical instrument) Tonumfang, der; (of knowledge, voice) Umfang, der; (of income, department, possibility) Bereich, der

3) (of telescope, missile, aircraft, etc.) Reichweite, die; (distance between gun and target) Schussweite, die

4) (series, selection) Kollektion, die

5)

6) (testing site) Versuchsgelände, das

7) (grazing ground) Weide[fläche], die

1) (vary within limits) [Preise, Temperaturen:] schwanken, sich bewegen (from... to zwischen [+ Dat.]... und)

2) (extend) [Klippen, Gipfel, Häuser:] sich hinziehen

3) (roam) umherziehen (around, about in + Dat.); (fig.) [Gedanken:] umherschweifen

(arrange) aufreihen [Bücher, Tische]

* * *

Reichweite f. (radio signal) n.

Reichweite f. n.

Auswahl m.

Bandbreite f.

Bereich -e m.

Bildbereich (Mathematik) m.

Entfernung f.

Raum -¨e m.

Wertebereich m. v.

klassifizieren v.

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

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Anton Flettner was an engineer with a great interest in hydraulics and aerodynamics. At the beginning of the First World War Flettner was recruited by Zeppelin to investigate the possibility of radio-controlled airships as guided missiles. In 1915 he constructed a small radio-controlled tank equipped to cut barbed-wire defences; the military experts rejected it, but he was engaged to investigate radio-controlled pilotless aircraft and he invented a servo-control device to assist their control systems. These servo-controls, or trim tabs, were used on large German bombers towards the end of the war. In 1924 he invented a sailing ship powered by rotating cylinders, but although one of these crossed the Atlantic they were never a commercial success. He also invented a windmill and a marine rudder. In the late 1920s Flettner turned his attention to rotating-wing aircraft, and in 1931 he built a helicopter with small engines mounted on the rotor blades. Progress was slow and it was abandoned after being damaged during testing in 1934. An autogiro followed in 1936, but it caught fire on a test flight and was destroyed. Undeterred, Flettner continued his development work on helicopters and in 1937 produced the Fl 185, which had a single rotor to provide lift and two propellers on outriggers to combat the torque and provide forward thrust. This arrangement was not a great success, so he turned to twin contra-rotating rotors, as used by his rival Focke, but broke new ground by using intermeshing rotors to make a more compact machine. The Fl 265 with its "egg-beater" rotors was ordered by the German navy in 1938 and flew the following year. After exhaustive testing, Flettner improved his design and produced the two-seater Fl 282 Kolibri, which flew in 1940 and became the only helicopter to be used operationally during the Second World War.

After the war, Flettner moved to the United States where his intermeshing-rotor idea was developed by the Kaman Aircraft Corporation.

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1) Компьютерная техника: Light And Power

2) Биология: left atrial pressure, leucine aminopeptidase

3) Медицина: ЛАП (сокр. от lymphadenopathy)

4) Военный термин: Laboratory of Aviation Psychology, launch analysis panel, leadership assessment program, load, assembly, pack, logistics assistance program, low-altitude penetration, low-altitude performance

5) Техника: leucine amino peptidase

6) Математика: Linear assignment problem

7) Юридический термин: Lawyers Assistance Program

8) Телекоммуникации: Local Access Port (ER-5 FR Switch), Link Access Procedure (X.25)

9) Сокращение: Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Loading, Assembling & Packing, Local Air Picture, London Airport, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase, LEED Accredited Professional ( United States Green Building Council), LIDAR Atmospheric Profiler, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico - Aeropuerto General Marquez De Leon (Airport Code), Laboratorio Accreditato de Prova (Accredited Testing Lab, Italy), Laboratory Accreditation Program, Laboratory Analytical Protocol, Laboratory Associates Program, Lagarde`re Active Publicite' (France), Lan Access Point, Lan Access Profile, Language for Academic Purposes, Laryngeal Adductor Paralysis, Laser Applications (radiation therapy laser vendor), Last Agent Pending, Launch Assembly Plan, Launcher Avionics Package, Leadless Array Package, Learning Assistance Program (special education), Lesbian and Proud, Letter of Adoption and Procurement (military), Liberian Action Party (Liberia), Liberty Alliance Project, Library Association of Portland, Lifetime Annuity Payout, Light Armor Platoon, Lipopolysaccharide-Associated Protein, Liver Activator Protein, Load, Assemble & Pack, Local Access Port (frame relay), Local Administrator Processor (Cisco), Local Analysis Point, Local Authentication Plugin (Microsoft Windows CE), Local Average Power, Localised Area for Play (playground design), Location Audit Program, Lohamah Psichlogit (Hebrew: psychological warfare, Mossad department), Louisiana Association of Principals, Lyophilized Anterior Pituitary (tissue)

10) Физиология: Low Age Profile

11) Электроника: Logic Audio Platinum

12) Вычислительная техника: протокол доступа к каналу связи, LAN Access Profile (Bluetooth, SPP, LAN), Link Access Procedure / Protocol (CCITT, X.25)

13) Биотехнология: localization and affinity purification

14) Экология: ПДС-предельно допустимые сбросы (Limited Admissable Pollutions)

15) Бытовая техника: процедура доступа к каналу передачи данных

16) Образование: Learning Assistance Program

17) Сетевые технологии: Link Access Procedure, Link Access Protocol, протокол доступа к каналу, процедура доступа к каналу

18) Программирование: Linc Assembly Program

19) Океанография: Local Analysis and Prediction

20) Расширение файла: Linux Application Platform

21) Электротехника: laminated aluminum-polyethylene

22) Аэропорты: La Paz, Mexico

1) Медицина: velocity telediastolic

2) Американизм: United States District Court District of Vermont

3) Военный термин: variable time delay

4) Техника: vacuum-tube detector, vision testing device

5) Вычислительная техника: Virtual Tape Device

6) Транспорт: Valley Transit District

7) Фирменный знак: Vast Technologies Development, Vast Technologies Development, Inc., Visiting The Doctor

1) Компьютерная техника: Light And Power

2) Биология: left atrial pressure, leucine aminopeptidase

3) Медицина: ЛАП (сокр. от lymphadenopathy)

4) Военный термин: Laboratory of Aviation Psychology, launch analysis panel, leadership assessment program, load, assembly, pack, logistics assistance program, low-altitude penetration, low-altitude performance

5) Техника: leucine amino peptidase

6) Математика: Linear assignment problem

7) Юридический термин: Lawyers Assistance Program

8) Телекоммуникации: Local Access Port (ER-5 FR Switch), Link Access Procedure (X.25)

9) Сокращение: Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Loading, Assembling & Packing, Local Air Picture, London Airport, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase, LEED Accredited Professional ( United States Green Building Council), LIDAR Atmospheric Profiler, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico - Aeropuerto General Marquez De Leon (Airport Code), Laboratorio Accreditato de Prova (Accredited Testing Lab, Italy), Laboratory Accreditation Program, Laboratory Analytical Protocol, Laboratory Associates Program, Lagarde`re Active Publicite' (France), Lan Access Point, Lan Access Profile, Language for Academic Purposes, Laryngeal Adductor Paralysis, Laser Applications (radiation therapy laser vendor), Last Agent Pending, Launch Assembly Plan, Launcher Avionics Package, Leadless Array Package, Learning Assistance Program (special education), Lesbian and Proud, Letter of Adoption and Procurement (military), Liberian Action Party (Liberia), Liberty Alliance Project, Library Association of Portland, Lifetime Annuity Payout, Light Armor Platoon, Lipopolysaccharide-Associated Protein, Liver Activator Protein, Load, Assemble & Pack, Local Access Port (frame relay), Local Administrator Processor (Cisco), Local Analysis Point, Local Authentication Plugin (Microsoft Windows CE), Local Average Power, Localised Area for Play (playground design), Location Audit Program, Lohamah Psichlogit (Hebrew: psychological warfare, Mossad department), Louisiana Association of Principals, Lyophilized Anterior Pituitary (tissue)

10) Физиология: Low Age Profile

11) Электроника: Logic Audio Platinum

12) Вычислительная техника: протокол доступа к каналу связи, LAN Access Profile (Bluetooth, SPP, LAN), Link Access Procedure / Protocol (CCITT, X.25)

13) Биотехнология: localization and affinity purification

14) Экология: ПДС-предельно допустимые сбросы (Limited Admissable Pollutions)

15) Бытовая техника: процедура доступа к каналу передачи данных

16) Образование: Learning Assistance Program

17) Сетевые технологии: Link Access Procedure, Link Access Protocol, протокол доступа к каналу, процедура доступа к каналу

18) Программирование: Linc Assembly Program

19) Океанография: Local Analysis and Prediction

20) Расширение файла: Linux Application Platform

21) Электротехника: laminated aluminum-polyethylene

22) Аэропорты: La Paz, Mexico

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace, Weapons and armour

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Von Braun's mother was an amateur astronomer who introduced him to the futuristic books of Jules Verne and H.G.Wells and gave him an astronomical telescope. He was a rather slack and undisciplined schoolboy until he came across Herman Oberth's book By Rocket to Interplanetary Space. He discovered that he required a good deal of mathematics to follow this exhilarating subject and immediately became an enthusiastic student.

The Head of the Ballistics and Armaments branch of the German Army, Professor Karl Becker, had asked the engineer Walter Dornberger to develop a solid-fuel rocket system for short-range attack, and one using liquid-fuel rockets to carry bigger loads of explosives beyond the range of any known gun. Von Braun joined the Verein für Raumschiffsfahrt (the German Space Society) as a young man and soon became a leading member. He was asked by Rudolf Nebel, VfR's chief, to persuade the army of the value of rockets as weapons. Von Braun wisely avoided all mention of the possibility of space flight and some financial backing was assured. Dornberger in 1932 built a small test stand for liquid-fuel rockets and von Braun built a small rocket to test it; the success of this trial won over Dornberger to space rocketry.

Initially research was carried out at Kummersdorf, a suburb of Berlin, but it was decided that this was not a suitable site. Von Braun recalled holidays as a boy at a resort on the Baltic, Peenemünde, which was ideally suited to rocket testing. Work started there but was not completed until August 1939, when the group of eighty engineers and scientists moved in. A great fillip to rocket research was received when Hitler was shown a film and was persuaded of the efficacy of rockets as weapons of war. A factory was set up in excavated tunnels at Mittelwerk in the Harz mountains. Around 6,000 "vengeance" weapons were built, some 3,000 of which were fired on targets in Britain and 2,000 of which were still in storage at the end of the Second World War.

Peenemünde was taken by the Russians on 5 May 1945, but by then von Braun was lodging with many of his colleagues at an inn, Haus Ingeburg, near Oberjoch. They gave themselves up to the Americans, and von Braun presented a "prospectus" to the Americans, pointing out how useful the German rocket team could be. In "Operation Paperclip" some 100 of the team were moved to the United States, together with tons of drawings and a number of rocket missiles. Von Braun worked from 1946 at the White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, and in 1950 moved to Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, Alabama. In 1953 he produced the Redstone missile, in effect a V2 adapted to carry a nuclear warhead a distance of 320 km (199 miles). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was formed in 1958 and recruited von Braun and his team. He was responsible for the design of the Redstone launch vehicles which launched the first US satellite, Explorer 1, in 1958, and the Mercury capsules of the US manned spaceflight programme which carried Alan Shepard briefly into space in 1961 and John Glenn into earth orbit in 1962. He was also responsible for the Saturn series of large, staged launch vehicles, which culminated in the Saturn V rocket which launched the Apollo missions taking US astronauts for the first human landing on the moon in 1969. Von Braun announced his resignation from NASA in 1972 and died five years later.

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SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

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Yourkevitch came from an academic family, but one without any experience or tradition of sea service. Despite this he decided to become a naval architect, and after secondary education at Moscow and engineering training at the St Petersburg Polytechnic, he graduated in 1909. For the following ten years he worked designing battleships and later submarines, mostly at the Baltic Shipyard in St Petersburg. Around 1910 he became a full member of the Russian Naval Constructors Corps, and in 1915 he was a founder member and first Scientific Secretary of the Society of Naval Engineers.

Using the published data of the American Admiral D.W. Taylor and taking advantage of access to the Norddeutscher Lloyd Testing Tank at Bremerhaven, Yourkevitch proposed a new hull form with bulbous bow and long entrances and runs. This was the basis for the revolutionary battleships then laid down at St Petersburg, the "Borodino" class. Owing to the war these ships were launched but never completed. At the conclusion of the war Yourkevitch found himself in Constantinople, where he experienced the life of a refugee, and then he moved to Paris where he accepted almost any work on offer. Fortunately in 1928, through an introduction, he was appointed a draughtsman at the St Nazaire shipyard. Despite his relatively lowly position, he used all his personality to persuade the French company to alter the hull form of the future record breaker Normandie. The gamble paid off and Yourkevitch was able to set up his own naval architecture company, BECNY, which designed many well-known liners, including the French Pasteur.

In 1939 he settled in North America, becoming a US citizen in 1945. On the night of the fire on the Normandie, he was in New York but was prevented from going close to the ship by the police, and the possibility of saving the ship was thrown away. He was involved in many projects as well as lecturing at Ann Arbor, Michigan, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He maintained connections with his technical colleagues in St Petersburg in the later years of his life. His unfulfilled dream was the creation of a superliner to carry 5,000 passengers and thus able to make dramatic cuts in the cost of transatlantic travel. Yourkevitch was a fine example of a man whose vision enabled him to serve science and engineering without consideration of inter-national boundaries.

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